Analysis Of Hawthorne s The Forest - 1013 Words

Another aspect of Hawthorne’s ancestors is that they were Puritans. The Puritan belief is finely interwoven in his story. According to Michael E. McCabe, â€Å"Puritan doctrine taught that all men are totally depraved and require constant self – examination to see that they are sinners and unworthy of God’s Grace† (1). Brown’s experience in the forest, is, in a sense, not a dream. Instead, Brown is looking deep into his soul in search of the inner evilness and whether he is worthy of â€Å"God’s Grace.† The fact that his wife and the holy men of the community are in the forest is more a projection of his own evilness onto others. When he finds Faith’s pink ribbon in the forest, it was as though his least thread of faith was gone, and he cries out,†¦show more content†¦This requirement is why Brown doubted everyone including himself. This requirement is how so many lives were lost in the Salem Witch Trials. â€Å"In the Witch Trials men turned on their accused wives just as Goodman Brown himself has lost both his spiritual faith and his wife Faith because of something that may not have happened† (McCabe 5). This was how the Witch Trials became so large. â€Å"The Salem Witch Trials began in 1692† (Nick T. 1). What is ironic, in my opinion, is that the accusations began by three young girls. Why anyone would take accusations of this sort seriously, is incomprehensible. However, these girls, â€Å"screamed, threw things, uttered peculiar sounds and contorted themselves into strange positions† (Nick T. 2). Of course, it did not help matters when, â€Å"the local doctor blamed the supernatural and proclaimed that the community had a witch in its midst† (Nick T. 2). A diagnosis of this sort, today, would be a laughing matter. However, to the Puritans, this was very serious. These girls accused many women and even a few men of being witches. Hawthorne’s great grandpa, J udge John Hathorne, played a major role in the trials. Just as Brown has a dream or vision, Judge Hathorne allowed these dreams as real evidence against the accused. Imagine brown accusing his whole community and his own wife of witch craft. They would have all been hung, based on his â€Å"spectral evidence.† â€Å"Many of the

The United States Of America Essay - 1510 Words

In recent history, the United States of America has taken certain drastic measures and steps in order to take away its peoples Constitutional rights. Our government is supposed to be a government of the people, by the people, for the people. Unfortunately, a very clear sign of a tyrannical government has reared its head. As Americans, we need to become fully aware and hold our leaders accountable regarding any shortcomings our founding fathers fought and died for. There are various examples in the United States to illustrate to what degree our government has taken away our rights. My intention is to highlight certain characteristics of our government, in its current state and how our framers envisioned it. I will exemplify our rights and reasons for keeping them, such as the gun control laws that have been passed restricting our rights to bear arms. Historical statistics provides us with the facts that show a rise in crime, poverty, injustice and overall social unrest is the result of Democracy as defined by our current administration. The governments idea of a democracy and our perception of a democracy have two totally different meanings. The logic behind this way of thinking is because it attempts to explain the rationale behind our government’s actions. Below is an excerpt from a military manual that I once read that struck me as very deep and profound. To understand the meaning of the word democracy, simply examine the definition of the word as provided by the 1928Show MoreRelatedThe United States Of America1536 Words   |  7 PagesThe United States of America is well known throughout the world for tis democracy ant the freedoms of its citizens. Since declaring its Independence from Great Britain rule in 1776, the United States of America has undergone a continuous effort to maintain law and order. 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After hundreds of years of colonization, mass genocide, racism, white supremacy†¦ It is deceptive to tell minorities that they can be as successful asRead MoreThe United States Of America Essay1694 Words   |  7 PagesA crash in america may be coming a lot sooner than many people think. The United States of America is facing problems a lot of people are either unaware of or just dont think its a big deal. Most of america think that our economy and government is in alright financi al shape, That may not be the case though. America is in bad shape and it seems to be going down hill. America is declining in world power as well and this is just another factor leading to a crash in the future. Other nations are growingRead MoreThe United States Of America1244 Words   |  5 PagesFrom Northern Pakistan to The United States of America, The Exchange Student Probably to everybody’s shock, nobody could have imagined how poorly executed the 45th’s President Executive Order shortly after it was established. Any person, who is from one of the seven designated Muslim countries in the Middle East, are not allowed the right of entry into the United States of America. People like Syrian Refuges are ban indefinitely until the 46th POTUS reverses that order, who are seeking nothing butRead MoreThe United States Of America1674 Words   |  7 PagesThe United States of America is the world largest single economy with a lot of trade activities with other nations. The country has traded with other nations for centuries hence it is an important economic partner (Jensen, Quinn Weymouth, 2015). 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America is well-known for its freedom and opportunity it offers, which is why many individuals sought out for it. But I am not going to write about America’s many achievements and prestigious comforts. I would like to address the current situation that h as been haunting America for quite some time now. In the last century, technology all around the world has undergone dramatic changes, whether it isRead MoreThe United States Of America1340 Words   |  6 PagesThe journey of how the United States of America became the United States of America is a very complex one. With America declaring separation from the Great English Empire, to the organization of becoming a free, sovereign nation and lastly, the migration and colonization of the now, western United States, including the great state of Nevada, has many components. The Declaration of Independence initiated the process of becoming a country of its own. This Document pushed the separation from England

Gross domestic product v gross national happiness Free Essays

string(186) " industry should be boosting gross national happiness’’ \(Pollard, I 2008\) In this context, GNH challenges the one sided measure of social progress using GDP as the only indicator\." Introduction Human beings are created in a unique way. The qualities we engage differentiate us from one another, as we are gifted with unlimited blessings. We have almost full control over our actions and behaviour, which is the reason why we sometimes struggle to innovate new methodologies for our well-being. We will write a custom essay sample on Gross domestic product v gross national happiness or any similar topic only for you Order Now Going back in history we started our lives from caves until being part of this Global village. The question we ask, that are these changes such as measuring Gross Domestic Product (GDP) as well as Gross National happiness (GNH) really for the best? Within this assignment, in the light of Economics we will be discussing the way Nations/States manage their lives (well being). The main focus will be on explaining the differences between Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and what the state of Bhutan in the Himalayas call ‘Gross Nation Happiness’ (GNH). The assignment will then move onto discussing the main problems of measuring both GDP and GNH. GDP formally known as Gross National Income (GNI) has been elaborated from a Russian-born, American educated, and â€Å"Father of National Income Accounting†. Dr Simon Kuznet introduced the method of calculating National Income, although concept of National Income has existed for hundreds of years. Consistent measure of National Income remained invisible or nonexistent before Kuznet’s work. Byrns, R T. While the GDP and the rest of the national income accounts may seem to be arcane concepts, they are truly among the great inventions of the twentieth century. (Paul A. Samuelson and William D. Nordhaus) Like any other process, the method National Income (NI) has crossed many stages to become GDP. At this day and age we have a barometer to gauge the financial health of a Nation and yes, money plays a vital role to fulfil the necessities of life, but it has been proven that stress levels are much higher within the wealthier communities. The question, which arises here, is what is it that’s lacking, despite of having fair and good financial health, especially in developed countries, as the majority are still not living a happy life. Crabtree, S. (Oct 2009) However, GDP was intended to be a measure of economic growth. GDP was never planned to be a measure of overall social well-being. This western economic theory makes the statement that economic growth will enhance social well-being. Research has indicated that in most cases this statement is true, for example when basic human needs are better met. However, GDP is seen to be an imperfect measure, as it does not account for the environmental and social degradations that often accompany economic development. â€Å"Although gross domestic product (GDP) is not intended to be a measure of societal welfare, it is often used as such. One shortcoming as a welfare measure is that it fails to account for the non-marketed value of natural resource flows.† Turner, P. Tschirhart, J. (1999) Moreover, GDP was intended to help politicians with the circumstances of World War II. (Bureau of Economic Analysis, 2000). It was a guide to post-war economic policy and it is hard to underestimate its success. William M. Daley, U.S. Secretary of Commerce, stated that: â€Å"Since the end of World War II, when the GDP accounts were more fully developed and in wider use, the boom and bust swings are much less severe. They have had a very positive effect on America’s economic well-being, by providing a steady stream of very useful economic data.† The success of the GDP can be seen in its ubiquity, it has become the pre-eminent measure of economic and, to a large extent, social well-being. Gross National Happiness (GHN) on the other hand, which has been attributed to the former king of Bhutan, is seen more important than ‘Gross Domestic Product’ The former monarch is said to have made GNH the guiding philosophy of Bhutan’s development process, soon after his enthronement in 1972 (Thinley 2007). However, it was not until the late 1980s, that the king began to use the GNH concept openly in an attempt to ensure that economic development was in harmony with Bhutan’s culture, institutions and spiritual values (Ura and Galay 2004). Introducing Bhutan and GNH to outside ideas and institutions began in the early 1960s, and apparently picked up pace in the 1970s (Ura and Galay 2004). In that context, the GNH concept probably evolved as good-humoured play on words to make the point that the development process ought not be directed toward increasing GNP if this is at the expense of traditional values. Some critics have had difficulty in accepting the GNH concept. This is mainly due to the word ‘Gross’ as in GNH this does not appear to have any meaning, where in GNP it does, it also does not have a meaning corresponding to that in national income accounting. However, this has not prevented the GNH concept from becoming a national objective in Bhutan. Article 9 of the Constitution of this new democracy states: ‘The State shall strive to promote those conditions that will enable the pursuit of Gross National Happiness’. Furthermore, GNH has been debated around the world for many years. Nevertheless, it has received overwhelming support and encouragement from all over the world, be it scholars, educationists, politicians, researchers alike. In addition, GNH is widely discussed internationally. At least four international conferences have been held specifically on GNH, attracting participation by scholars from different disciplines and different parts of the world. (Ongmo, S Dec 2009) b) The reason for the overwhelming support and sympathy that the GNH concept is receiving worldwide is that the citizens everywhere are dissatisfied with the way societies are progressing currently in the world. They are increasingly concerned with their quality of life where GDP is the sole yardstick used for measuring social progress prompted by globalisation. Now people are demanding for more sustainable and complete approach to development taking into account dimensions such as social, environment and culture into policy framework. Comments such as the below have been made which is making GNH the next phenomenon. ‘Our industry should be boosting gross national happiness’’ (Pollard, I 2008) In this context, GNH challenges the one sided measure of social progress using GDP as the only indicator. The Bhutanese government refuses to consider GDP as a good indicator enough to measure development. It argues that GDP is simply a measure of the currency that switches hands and it doesn’t take care of the growing social problems and deteriorating natural resources of a nation. (Sonam Jamtsho, Principal, Peljorling MSS, Samtse ) In today’s age, we have mentioned GNH is a potential substitute for GDP. (Ray, Debraj (1998): Development Economics, New Delhi 1998.) As we have found that GDP has failed to measure on whether it has benefited the nation or not as its only focus has been on the on economy. Factors such as natural disasters haven’t been considered which could contribute to the GDP growth as it stimulates economic activities such as increasing demands for construction. Also I have fund that the measure of GDP isn’t accurate as there is fear that statistic errors along with pollution factors aren’t being included, which would affect the overall performance. GDP also fails to measure things like quality improvement, this is due to the fact GDP can only measure the price as value, but not the quality of goods being produced. Saturday, January 31, 2009, 17:19 Also when assessing the performance of nations, GDP is often the policy used to measure wealth. However, it fails to meas ure more delecate forms of wealth, which are maybe more important to the average persons well being. Harrell, E Sep 2009. Nevertheless, I have found that changes or adbating to different policies will be a real challenge as for example swapping our UK standard of living for that of an average Bhutanese citizen would be very hard to adabt . By Eben Harrell Wednesday, Sep. 16, 2009 In contrast, GNH has become a more complete indicator as it draws upon a broader set of social, environmental and health measurement. One of the GNH creators Lyonpo Jigmi Thinley states: â€Å"We have to think of human well-being in boarder terms. Material well-being is only one component. That does not ensure that you are at peace with your environment and in harmony with each other.† GNH aims to evaluate sustainability, wellbeing and quality of life. There are nine index variables and many different metrics, which it uses to measure GNH. For example some on the key measurements include total household income, the highest level of education, the value of voluntary work and unpaid housework, natural capital such as energy, air and water quality, sustainable transportation, levels of health and education, crime, pollution and recycling levels. However, GNH faces its own limitations. Certain elements which make GNH become possible such as happiness from love is in fact hard to be measured by a rare method as people have different perceptions towards what happiness really means to them. In addition, GNH is only an indication and does not solve the real problems. For example, after releasing GNH in Bhutan, the country still faces challenges such as poverty and alcoholism. It will be argued here that the happiness revolution might, instead of bringing about the return of â€Å"utility,† ultimately condemn this concept for being simplistic, and reveal that subjective well-being cannot serve as a metric for social evaluation without serious precautions. Fleurbaey, Marc(2009) However, no measure has yet be proven to be perfect as the concept of GDP has risen concern of why the world measuring its development, progress and even sense of success by the GDP, if it does not properly account for the things that are beneficial or destructive to society. After all, the economy is just the exchange of goods and services that are meant to enhance the standard of living. Economist Alan Greenspan, and even the inventor of GDP, Simon Kuznets, warned about using GDP to measure well-being and prosperity (Haggart, 2000). Policy makers and Nations such as the U.S have intended to make positive changes to improve the structure. U.S have requested the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) to revise the way it measure’s GDP levels and growth. One of the changes consisted of switching to a chain-weighted method of computing aggregate growth which depends on the current price information. This allowed BEA to measure GDP growth more accurately by using a new, â€Å"chain-weighted† procedure which would eventually eliminate upward biases in the incoming data. This indicates that challenges have been reconised when gathering accurate data for GDP and that policymakers are to some extent trying to make changes to enhance the method. However, study has shown that there are drawbacks which aren’t allowing the new measure to work as swiftly as it was intended to, as there has only been a small impact on the analysis of the macro economy. The new data, however, showed that the economy has been gro wing a bit less rapidly over the last few years than they had expected. The new policy also didn’t alter any estimates of the effects of monetary and fiscal policy on inflation, employment, and the budget and trade deficits. Key data on inflation, such as the consumer and producer price indexes, will not be changed, nor will the data on employment or the budget and trade deficits. On the whole, the most significant consequences of the revised GDP measurement system may be that growth in recent years will be marked down and the chronic upward bias to ongoing estimates of aggregate growth eliminated. Policy makers have recognized that GDP successfully measures the national à ¥conomic strà ¥ngth, however, as discussed above ,GDP fails to measure things that ‘make life meaningful’. Morgan Housel – January 1, 2011. Collaborating GDP and GNH has been discussed in many states such as the U.S and the UK. Concepts of measuring both happiness and Gross are in talks, but research suggests that there is a lot of work involved, however, there are signs that they are working in the right direction. A strategy in the U.K which many of us are aware of, track trends that affect the communities well being by using data from the census surveys where government agencies that track health, the environment, the economy and other societal barometers. U.S on the other hand, are working with a research team at Princeton who are working with the Bureau of Labor Statistics to incorporate this kind of charting (census) into its new â€Å"time use† survey, which began last year and is given to 4,000 Americans each month. Dr. Alan B. Krueger, a Princeton economist working on the survey stated that: â€Å"The idea is to start with life as we experience it and then try to understand what helps people feel fulfilled and create conditions that generate that,† This method is intended to equip and educate the American quest for ever more income. But that benefit would have to be balanced against the problems that come with the increased stress imposed by additional testing. â€Å"We should not be hoping to construct a utopia,† Professor Krueger said. â€Å"What we should be talking about is piecemeal movement in the direction of things that make for a better life.† http://www.paradise-engineering.com/happiness/gnh.html China on the other hand, started using, what is known to be a complex index called Human Development Index (HDI), that was established by Nobel Prize laureate Amartya Sen, which was then replaced by Gross National Product in 1990. China, who is another nation which is attracted to the concept of Gross National Happiness (GNH) as they found it an urgent necessity to move away from the GDP-led approach to a more human-centred style of government. The difficulties that many nations are facing that happiness cannot be measured. The IEA, quite fairly argue that the satisfaction levels have not really gone up or down since records began in the 1950s might simply show that measuring happiness is a very imprecise science. As the authors point out, many happiness measurements are based on a three-point scale, with people asked if they feel unhappy, happy, or very happy. â€Å"Basing government policy on such an imprecise measurement would be like the Bank of England’s monetary policy board basing its policy decisions on whether people say they are feeling poor, rich or very rich†, they write. It’s not just rising income levels that don’t appear to affect happiness levels. Rising levels of violent crime also don’t appear to affect it. The high unemployment of the 1980s don’t seem to affect it. Nothing seems to affect it. It just continues in a straight, boring line. So what policy conclusions can we draw from thisNone, it would be fair to suggest. The main problems identified were indicators such as the service input as defining and measuring has become very complex as Some business have mixed service departments in which trying to differentia could be a hard task. Also measuring non market goods such as housework and raising a family is also a challenge. GDP figures also exclude the making of goods and services that are not sold within markets. This component includes housework, meals cooked at home, and child care provided by parents, as well as services volunteered for charities and other groups. For example, when parents care for their own children, the value of their care does not appear in GDP. However, when parents pay for child care, those services appear in GDP. GDP also includes only a very imperfect estimate of production of goods and services sold on the underground economy (or black market). This activity includes production of illegal goods and services (such as drugs and prostitution). It also includes production of legal goods that goes unreported to avoid taxes. Many estimates suggest that the underground economy in the United States amounts to between 5 and 10 percent of GDP; this figure is even larger in many other countries. Conclusion Also when renting a property the expenses appear in GDP as payments towards housing services, where on the other hand if you own the property GDP includes the government’s estimate of the rent that you would pay if you were renting. Also pricing of goods isn’t accurate as these are measured using old, higher prices, overstating the increase in the value of production. Research has also shown that double counting is also a major problem. How to cite Gross domestic product v gross national happiness, Essay examples

Corporate Culture for TNT Express

Question: Discuss about the Corporate Culture for TNT Express. Answer: Introduction TNT Express is an international courier company with headquarters in Netherlands with operations in sixty-one countries and in the world. It specializes in the delivery of parcels and freight services in over 200 countries. It offers road and air delivery services in Africa, Europe, America, Pacific Asia and the Middle East. The history of the company can be traced to Thomas Ken who started Thomas Nationwide Transport which started with a single truck in Sydney, Altrans started by Peter Pebels and George Rockey. The two companies later combined to form TNT (Steinglass, 2011). In 2009 the company received an award for Best Corporate Culture Management and was voted as the one having popular employees. On the other hand, the company was also rated as one of the best 100 human resource managed companies in China which means that the company has one of the best corporate philosophies that clearly reflect the corporate culture that it has (TNT Express, 2009, P. 2). The nature of the culture in TNT Express Organizational culture related to values and behaviors that create social and psychological unique environment. Schrodt (2002, P. 191) argues that this is represented in the beliefs, values and principle that have been created by the environment in which employees operate in. This environment is a product of factors like products, business strategies, management style, history and technology that the origination utilizes in creating a brand that purely distinguishes it from other organizations. Organizational culture in the business environment has often been described as corporate culture or company culture to mean a unique operational style that characterizes the organization. My understanding and experience of TNT is based on the belief that the company has in treating employees. The spirit that exists in the company is based on the belief that the success, growth and leadership of the organization depend entirely on employee energies and efforts to serve customers and create cust omer satisfaction level that makes customers come back (Parker 2000, P. 19). The company offers a unique environment that focuses on service oriented and global operation strategies with passion in everything that the company does. To achieve this, employees are equally treated regardless of the role and position they hold in the origination since their efforts trickle down to organizational success and customer satisfaction. This is achieved through a management ecosystem that offers an excellence driven environment with jobs that suit every individual with drive (Tokuda, et al. 2009, P. 169). TNT has the best healthy, attractive and safe working environments that seek to develop the employees to achieve organizational objective. With continued investment in human resource the company drives a customer-oriented corporate culture the company believes that passion and loyalty to the organization is the key to customer satisfaction (TNT Express, 2009, pp. 4). Necessary skills and qualities of management under the case of TNT According to Chuang (2013, P.1 ) managing an excellent organizational culture like in TNT requires key management skills that can propel the organization and employees to achieve the desired corporate strategy. This leads the organization to a cultural operating system with written and unwritten rules that guide and determine employee behavior. This means that managers need key skills with business acumen and iron-clad knowledge that can manage and meet the needs of the business. These skills include a forwards thinking and positive attitude, communication, influential leadership and accountability. Accountability is based on holding individuals responsible for the outcomes that relate to the areas that they are in charge off. Kane-Urrabaso (2006, P. 189) suggests that instilling a power culture of accountability ensures that management understands the responsibilities that each employee holds and makes them accountable for their actions. The extended version of accountability entails every employee holding another accountable for the actions that they hold. This means that leaders should not focuses on power but rather results to accelerate collective competence in employees. Influential leadership is the leaders ability to execute change patterns that are needed in the organization. Leaders need to develop strategies and ideas that ensure business processes are executed to the end to ensure that system-wide change is achieved. Influential leaders push change strategies that ensure results are achieved (Sharma Jain, 2013, P. 312). Communication ensures that business ideas and information is easily shared in the organization. This ensures that the business vision is understood by all employees to achieve the business objectives (Schrodt 2002). Corporate culture oriented leaders establish streamlined communication patterns that are geared to the business objective. Forward thinking and positive enables strong organizational ethics through internal workforce interactions in a way that advances business objectives. Through spreading positivity thinking, employees happiness is increased by ensuring that all employees are treated fairly. How I will want to be treated as an employee Employee treatment is related to their motivation, happiness and their ability to be retained in their work. The best way that I would like to be treated is through open communication. This ensures that I am informed of every activity in the organization and enables me develop relationships with other. The second way is through proper assigning of tasks and responsibilities, when employees are hired, the organization expects them to fill a certain position with specified responsibilities. This will allow me set my targets and asses if I have met them or not. I will also want to be paid a salary that is equivalent to the responsibilities that I am assigned and at the same time receive other incentives that are related to their work. Maulabaksha (2014) suggests that social contract theorists argue that employee forego their rights to the organization when they sign engagement contracts and thus the business needs to compensate them through appropriate perks that relate to their responsibilities. Lastly I am a believer in participative leadership and thus I will appreciate if I can be involved in some decisions that are made which affect me. This will ensure that I understand my role in the new requirements that are made by the organization. Conclusion Organizational culture forms a critical element in management of the organization; strategic analysts have suggested that it propels the business to a level that enables meeting of objectives (Parker 2000, P. 17). TNT Express has an established corporate culture that focuses on ensuring that employees have an organizational spirit that meets the objectives. The company builds its corporate culture around its employees to build a competitive advantage that ensures customer satisfaction. The case of TNT Express proves that organization culture can be used as a strategic tool for l management. Works Cited Chuang, S.-F., 2013. Essential skills for leadership effectiveness in diverse workplace development. Online Journal of Workforce Education and Development , 6(1), pp. 1-23. Express, T., 2009. TNT Wins "Best Corporate Culture Management" and "Popular Employer" Awards in China. [Online] Available at: https://www.tnt.com/express/en_cn/data/news/tnt_wins__best_corporate.html [Accessed 26 March 2017]. Kane-Urrabaso, C., 2006. Management's role in shaping organisational culture. Journal of Nursing Management,, Volume 14, pp. 188-194. Maulabaksha, A. R. R., 2014. Impact of Working Environment on Job Satisfaction. Prague, Csech Republic, 2nd Global Conference on Business, Economics, Management and Tourism . Parker, M., 2000. Organisational Culture and Identity. London: Sage.. Schrodt, P., 2002. The relationship between organisational identification and organisational culture: Employee perceptions of culture and identification in a retail sales organisation. Journal of Communication Studies, Volume 53, p. 189202. . Sharma, M. K. Jain, S., 2013. Leadership Management: Principles, Models and Theories. Global Journal of Management and Business Studies., 3(3), pp. 309-318. Steinglass, M., 2011. TNT Express to focuses on emerging markets. Financial Times., 26 May. Tokuda, Y. et al., 2009. The Interrelationship Between Working Conditions Jobsatisfaction, and Mental Health among Hospital Physicians in Japan, A path Analysis. Journal of Industrial Health , Volume 47, pp. 166-172.